小说:人生命运的美学表达——再谈路遥小说《人生》的审美范式

The Aesthetic Expression of Life and Fate in Fiction

人生命运的表达是小说美学的基础与核心,叔本华、尼采、伯格森、萨特、弗洛伊德以及马克思主义西方学派马尔库塞等哲学巨匠都十分重视文学艺术的人生命运的美学表达问题。然而,人生命运艺术反映的真实性具有文化的规范性。我们吸纳他们哲学观念及其创作实践合理内涵,使其成为我们人生命运美学表达的借鉴。路遥的《人生》对高加林人生命运的表达就具有很强的美学的实践意义。

The aesthetic expression of life and fate is the foundation and core in the aesthetics of fiction, hence masters of philosophy such as Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Bergson, Sartre, Freud, Marcuse of the Occidental school of Marxism, etc. all attached importance to the aesthetic expression of life and fate in literature and art. The authenticity of expressing life and fate in literature and art is, however, subject to some cultural norms, thus we may absorb the philosophical ideas and rational contents of creation practice from the masters of philosophy so as to draw on their experience in the aesthetic expression of life and fate. The expression of life and fate of Gao Jia-lin in Lu Yao's Life is of great aesthetic significance in practice.