洛阳市乳与乳制品行业卫生现状及管理对策

Hygienic problems in dairy industry in Luoyang and administrative countermeasures

为了解洛阳市乳与乳制品行业的现状,分析了洛阳市乳与乳制品生产经营行业在企业自身管理、工艺设备、原料使用以及产品卫生质量方面存在的诸多问题。32家乳与乳制品生产经营企业的生产经营过程基本符合卫生要求的有21家,其中生产加工企业13家,不符合卫生要求的11家,均为个体私营企业。大多数乳品厂没有自供奶源,定点收购个体散养户提供的散装牛奶,只有少数几个大企业能够对散装牛奶进行快速检验。多数小企业原料采购把关不严,不履行索证手续,不法企业使用劣质奶粉及不符合卫生要求的食品添加剂。174份样品的包装标识,132份合格,合格率75.9%。乳与乳制品的抽检总合格率74.7%,本地产品合格率69.8%,外埠产品合格率82.3%。理化指标与微生物指标合格率较高,分别为94.8%和90.2%,而营养指标合格率较低为74.7%,其中含乳饮料营养指标合格率仅为56.3%,酸牛奶营养指标合格率81.0%,主要不合格原因是蛋白质和脂肪含量低于国家标准,一些不合格含乳饮料蛋白质含量低于0.5%。结果提示,洛阳市的乳与乳制品卫生状况存在一定问题,需加强监督管理。

In order to realize the hygienic situation of the dairy industry in Luoyang, 32 dairy enterprises in this city were checked for qualification. Their management, facility, source of raw material and hygienic quality of products were investigated. The process of production and management of 21 enterprises met the requirement of national hygienic standard, while 11 private enterprises could not. Most dairy factories have no milk source of their own, with their raw milk purchased from family milk cow owners scattered in rural areas. Only a few large size enterprises had the capacity of rapid examination of the quality of the purchased raw milk. Some enterprises even illegally used unqualified milk powder and unhealthy food additives. 75.9% of dairy product samples had qualified labeling. The rates of qualification in physical_chemical and microbiological parameters were 94.8% and 90.2% respectively, while it was only 74.7%in nutritional parameters. The results indicate that the hygienic status of dairy products is less than desirable. Strengthened inspection measures are proposed.=