杜威:教育理论的魅力与缺憾——当代的再评述

Dewey on the charms and defects of the educational theories—A current review

杜威是世界教育史上的著名教育家,在世界教育史上占有不容忽视的地位。其教育理论的魅力在于:人与环境交互作用的思想根基;儿童解放的思想宗旨;理论具有强烈的实践性;教学专业化的思想主线。其教育理论的缺憾在于:单纯手工劳动的思想缺乏综合技术教育的眼光;对按逻辑顺序编排的分科教材的基本否定。使其生命力在当代重新焕发出熠熠的光辉,克服其中的缺憾,是当代教育理论和实践工作者应当重视的一项工作。

Dewey is a famous educationalist, and thus takes a prodigious place in the history of the world education. The most noteworthy fascination of his educational theory covers: the basis of human ideology of the interaction in relation to environment; the purpose of the ideology of children's emancipation; the strong emphasis on practice and his masterstroke on the specialization of instruction. But Dewey's theory also shows some demerits such as lacking of the insight of education of comprehensive technology owing to the thought of pure manual labor; its denial of the teaching materials compiled according to the logic order. Therefore the writer of the paper argues that the theory of Dewey should apply to practice in modern era, its shortcomings overcome, which is supposed to be the responsibility of the educators in theoretical or teaching researches.