护理人员针刺与锐器伤现状的调查分析与预防对策

Current Situation of Pinprick and Sharp Instrument Injuries in Nurses and Preventive Measures

目的了解护理人员的针刺与锐器伤的情况,并探讨相应的防治对策。方法对我院12个病区护理人员进行为期8个月的针刺与锐器伤的调查分析。根据损伤情况对病员、护理人员进行包括HBV、HIV、梅毒螺旋体等相关指标的检测,并在24h内作必要防治,所有受伤者如实填写完整的调查表,并由EPINet软件进行数据处理。结果43例护理人员的针刺与锐器伤中,针头造成的损伤占83.7%,而其他锐器造成的损伤占16.3%。检查发现,针头与锐器受污染占88.4%,而未受污染仅为11.6%,两者有非常显著统计学差别(P<0.01)。结论应加强临床护理管理,减少针刺等造成的损伤,避免感染等继发职业伤害。

Objective To clarify the current situation of pinprick and sharp instrument injuries in nurses and other care providers and to propose preventive measures.Methods Pinprick and sharp instrument injury incidents during a period of 8 months were investigated in nurses and other care providers of 12 wards in the hospital.Laboratory evaluations for HBV,HIV and leptospira syphilis were performed in patients and nurses who were involved in the incidents,and necessary preventive measures were taken within 24 hours. All data were completely recorded and dealt with by the EPINet software.Results Of the 43 incidents of pinprick and sharp instrument injury, 83.7% were caused by pinpricks and the remaining 16.3% were caused by other sharp instruments.It was found that 88.4% of the needles and sharp instruments causing the incidents were contaminated, and only 11.6% were uncontaminated.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01).Conclusion Intensifying clinical nursing management is necessary to reduce and prevent pinprick and other sharp instrument injuries and resultant secondary professional infections.