欠缺行为能力成年人保护制度的观念更新与重构

Concept Renewal and Rebuilding the System of Protecting Adults Lacking Capacity

法国、德国、日本民法典的相继修改,均体现出“平常化”和“对自我决定的尊重”的新理念,发展了欠缺行为能力成年人保护制度。我国现行的以精神病人监护为内容的保护制度存在着明显的缺陷,应当立足于被保护人的意愿,扩大保护对象范围、增加保护方法、明确保护人的职责和权利、完善制约机制。

The civil codes of France, Germany, and Japan have been amended one after another, in which the new concept of 'normalization' and 'respecting self-decision' are all embodied, and the system of protecting the adults lacking capacity has been developed. There are obvious drawbacks in the existing protection system focusing on custody of the people with mental illness, and the scope of protecting objects should be enlarged, protecting method increased, and protectors' rights and responsibilities be defined, and checking mechanism be improved, on the basis of the will of those who are protected.