透过凯歌式的战争描写揭示历史真实——阿拉伯征服叙利亚的历史个案剖析

A Case Study of the Occupation of Syria by Arabians——A detailed study of Arabian conquest of Syria

阿拉伯通史中描述的阿拉伯征服战争,完全是旗开得胜、所向披靡;事实上,阿拉伯人征服叙利亚时并不那么神速,相反是一场持久的较量。拜占廷文献对此提供了有力的旁证,可惜未引起重视。阿拉伯征服叙利亚的成功,并不是由于阿拉伯军事力量的强大;拜占廷帝国失去叙利亚,除战略战术的失误之外,主要是它在当地的统治不得人心。阿拉伯征服并长久控制叙利亚,关键在于宽容政策、文化传播、精神力量等因素。可见,真正彻底的征服并不完全依赖武力。

According to Byzantine literature, the Arabian's conquering of Syria was not as indefensible as described in Arabic general history and the conquest was also not because of military power of the Arabians. As to Byzantine's losing of Syria, besides faults in strategies and tactics, the most important reason was that the dominance was contrary to the will of the local residents. The Arabians' successful and prolonged occupation of Syria was the result of tolerant policies and spiritual influence.