农村教育:矛盾及对策

Rural Education: Contradictions and Countermeasures

推进农村税费改革和实行“以县为主”的义务教育管理体制,是解决“三农”问题,实现城乡和区域统筹,促进社会经济全面、协调、可持续发展的两项关键举措。这两项举措在促进农村改革发展取得可喜成绩的同时,也引发了农村教育的许多矛盾和问题。应采取必要措施,突出重点,解决问题,如:建立公共财政体系,完善教育经费的分担机制;改革税收金融体制,解决历史留下的债务问题;优化教育投入机制,提高教育资源的使用效能;推进办学体制改革,建立现代教育的治理制度;改革教育行政体制,建立现代教育的市场制度;完善立法司法体系,强化教育发展的法治保障。通过这些措施,调整和完善两项举措,确保农村教育持续健康发展。

Promoting the reform of rural taxation system and implementing the 'county-based' management system of compulsory education are two key measures for solving problems concerning rural areas, farmers and agriculture, realizing the unified planning of urban and rural education and promoting the comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable socioeco nomic development. While enjoying great achievements in rural educational reform, the two measures also suffer many contradictions and problems. The following steps must be taken to solve the major problems: to set up a public finance system to improve the mechanism of sharing educational investment; to reform the taxation system for solving the long existing burden of debts; to optimize the educational investment system for heightening the use efficiency of educational resources; to promote the reform of school-running system for establishing the management system of modern education; to reform the educational administration system for setting up the market system of modern education; and to improve the system of educational legislation and judicature for reinforcing the legal guarantee of educational development. By adopting these two measures, the healthy and sustainable development of rural education can be guaranteed.