被动式标记语法化的认知基础

The Cognitive Foundation of Grammaticalization of Passive Markers

本文运用类型学和认知语言学的方法,对古今汉语和少数民族语言的被动标记进行比较研究,着重探讨汉语被动式跟其他语言之间的共性与个性。

This paper has conducted a comparative analysis of passive markers in classical and modern Chinese and other languages, and mainly discussed the commonalities and differences between Chinese and the other languages. The notion 'construal' in cognitive linguistics has been employed to discover the regularity of development of passive structures. Although the event structure described by passive devices is cross-linguistically the same, different nations or the same nations in different historical periods may view the event from different angles, which in turn results in differences of passive markers and the related structures. In addition, the regularity of the passive markers and forms in Chinese and the motivations for the peculiar behaviors of the passive forms in Chinese have been addressed in details.