摘要
英国在印度的殖民侵略和统治,带给印度人民的是灾难,但同时也造就了印度社会结构的基本框架。英国殖民者注定要完成其双重的历史使命:一是对印度社会的破坏性使命;二是为印度现代社会奠定基础的建设性使命。英国在印度建立的殖民统治体系打破了印度传统封建制度,为建立资产阶级议会民主制奠定了基础;经济变动和社会立法冲击了传统的社会组织机构,使延续千年的封建专制和等级制度的基础——村社和种姓制度开始瓦解,而资产阶级平等观念的传播是对传统观念的严重冲击;近代教育的发展引进了西方的知识和价值观,使掌握资产阶级思想和近代科学技术的知识分子大增。这一切意味着,英国的统治在印度政治、经济和社会、思想文化等领域内自觉不自觉地为印度建立西方式社会创造了前提条件。
Although British colonial invasion and rule to India brought Indians a disaster, meanwhile, It also helped to for the basic frame of Indian social construction. There are dual historical missions which British colonists were destined to complete--the destructive mission and the constructive mission. As a result of British Colonial rule, Indian traditional feudal system broke down, which had laid the foundation of establishing bourgeois parliamentary democratic system; Owing to economic changes and social legislation, Indian traditional social organizations were crashed, which disintegrated village and hierarchy-- the base of feudal autocracy and social estate system both of which had been living for thousands years, while the dissemination of bourgeois equal ideas severely assaulted traditional ideas ; The development of modern education brought in western knowledge and values , which had increased the number of intellectuals mastering bourgeois ideas and modern scientific technique. In all, in the field of Indian politics, economy, society, ideology and culture, whether conscientiously or unconscientiously , British colonists had created the premise for which India could establish a western society.
