晋西南山区马铃薯氮磷钾肥肥效及合理施用

The Rational Application of N-P-K Fertilizer to Potatoes in Southwest Shanxi Mountain Areas

采用三因素二次通用旋转组合设计法,建立晋西南山区马铃薯N、P、K施肥量与产量关系的施肥效应方程,解析与模拟寻优结果表明:N、P、K三因子对晋西南山区马铃薯产量影响的顺序为:钾肥>氮肥>磷肥;各因子间的交互作用中,氮钾最强,磷钾次之,氮磷最差;得出了该区马铃薯hm2产≥22500kg,产量指标95%置信限的最佳施肥量为:每hm2纯氮(X1)144.75￣194.55kg,纯磷(X2)106.8￣144.45kg,纯钾(X3)135.9￣202.5kg;并得出了该区每hm2最高产量30629.8kg时的施肥量:纯氮189.7kg,纯磷123.6kg,纯钾182.7kg。

A fertilizer effect model to describe the relation of yield with N P and K fertilizer used was established using five factors quardratic universal rotation cross design. The Rank of effect on yield of fertilizers in southwest Shanxi mountain areas was K > N > P. Interaction of N with K was most strong; P with K, second; and N with P, weak. The index for the tuber yield more than or equal to 22 500 kg·hm-2 with 95% the confidence limit should be: N (144.45 to 194.55 kg·hm-2), P (106.8 to 144.45 kg·hm-2), and K (135.9 to 202.5 kg·hm-2). The optimal application of fertililzers for the high yield of 30629.8 kg·hm-2 should be N (189.7 kg·hm-2, P 123.6 kg·hm-2), and K (182.7 kg·hm-2).