江河源地区不同荒漠化草地物种多样性研究

The study of the species diversity in different kind of deserted grassland in source area of Yellow and Yangtze rivers

在江河源地区的高寒草甸、高寒草原中选择8个具有代表性的荒漠化草地进行物种多样性研究,其中对玉树州曲麻莱县郊、果洛州玛多县郊、果洛州达日县窝赛乡三个地区进行了不同演替梯度下的物种多样性分析。结果表明:曲玛莱地区退化草地物种多样性指数、均匀度指数随退化程度的加剧而减小,丰富度指数为重度退化大于极度退化大于轻度退化;玛多县郊、达日县窝塞乡重度退化草地物种多样性、均匀度、丰富度高于极度退化。不同荒漠化地区随演替度的减小多样性指数、均匀度指数总体有递减趋势,而丰富度指数变化不明显。

Eight characteristic deserted grasslands at alpine meadow,alpine grassland in Qumalai of Yushu state,Maduo and Dari of Guoluo state,and the species diversity in there were researched.The results showed that the species diversity and eveness index in lightly degraded area was greater than that in heavy degraded area,the species diversity index in heavyly degraded area was greater than that in extremly degraded area,but the richness index was contrary.The species diversity,eveness and richness index was greater in heavyly degraded area than in extremly degraded area in Maduo and Dari.In conclusion,the species diversity and eveness index in different deserted grassland decreased progressively going long with decreasion of sucession degree,but the richness index variation was not obvious.