重庆三峡水库生态经济区农业生态环境问题与重建研究

The problem and rehabilitation of agriculture and ecological environment in the ecological economic zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir in Chongqing City

农业生态环境是农业可持续发展的基础。重庆三峡水库生态经济区是重庆市确立的以生态建设为重点的经济区。鉴于该区农村面积广、农业人口多、贫困面大、农村移民任务重的基本情况,决定了农业及农村在社会经济可持续发展中的重要战略地位。深入分析了重庆三峡水库生态经济区农业生态环境存在的水土流失、水环境污染、土地污染、生物多样性破坏、自然灾害频繁等主要问题及其对农业生产的影响,从因地制宜合理利用农业资源、调整农业产业结构、优化农业空间布局,大力发展生态农业,控制并治理各种工业及生活污染、推行清洁生产,控制人口增长、实施生态移民、协调人地关系,加强生态环境法制化管理、依法保护农业生态环境等方面提出了保护及建设的对策。

The ecological economic zone of the Three Gorges Reservoir is an important economic zone in Chongqing City. The zone is characterized by its vast country area, populous rural population and numerous emigration. Agriculture plays and import role in the sustainable development of the economic-society. The sustainability of rural ecological environment is the base of the sustainable development agriculture. This paper analyses the primary problems in the ecological economic zone, such as soil erosion, water environment pollution, soil pollution, destruction of biological diversity and frequent natural hazards, and their influence on agriculture. The author puts forward some countermeasures for protection and reconstruction of the rural ecological environment. The countermeasures include utilizing suitably agriculture resources, adjusting agriculture structure, optimizing agricultural spatial distribution, developing ecological agriculture, controlling and managing various industrial and domestic pollution, spreading clean manufactural technique, controlling population growth, actualizing, ecological migration, harmonizing human-land connection, establishing legal mechanism of ecological environment protection etc.