摘要
对国内外有关滑坡转化为泥石流的机理的研究做了全面的综述,重点介绍了国外最新的研究成果,阐明了今后研究的方向。滑坡转化为泥石流机理的研究,处于滑坡动力学与泥石流形成学的交叉点,既是学科的边缘问题,也是学科的前沿问题。滑坡转化为泥石流的过程是一个和土体液化密切相关的流态化过程,是土体和水体强烈相互作用的结果。滑坡直接转化为泥石流的机理的两个核心问题是超静孔压的产生和超静孔压的保持。Iverson对这一问题的研究直接促进了滑坡流态化理论的发展,并形成了最新的泥石流运动模型——库伦混合流理论,是对传统的基于流变关系的泥石流模型的重大突破。土体中粘性颗粒对滑坡直接转化为泥石流过程的影响,需要进一步进行研究。滑坡转化为沟谷泥石流是一个更为复杂的过程,是今后研究的重点。
In this paper, the research on mechanism of conversion of landslides to debris flow is summed up. The progress up to date in this research area is stressed. The direction for farther research is expounded. The subject of conversion of debris flow from landslides lies on the crossing of landslides dynamics and debris flow kinematics. It is on the fringe and also the foreland of the study. The conversion of landslide to debris flow is a fluidization process related to soil liquefaction; it is the result of violent interaction of soil and water. The key of the mechanism is the production and maintenance of excess pore fluid pressure. Iverson’s work on this subject promotes the theory of landslide fluidization. His Coulomb mixture theory is a breakthrough to traditional debris flow kinematical model based on rheology. The influence of clay granule to the process needs farther research. The mechanism of landslide translating to debris flow in ravine is more complex and is the central task for the future.
出处
《自然灾害学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期8-14,共7页
Journal of Natural Disasters
基金
国家杰出青年科学基金资助项目(40025103)
关键词
滑坡
泥石流
转化
机理
液化
流态化
研究
landslide
debris flow
conversion
mechanism
liquefaction
fluidization
