糖尿病患者鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌携带及耐药性分析

Nasal Carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and Drug Resistance in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

目的了解糖尿病患者鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌的携带及耐药情况。方法无菌生理盐水棉签前鼻庭取样,直接接种于甘露醇高盐琼脂平板,分离金黄色葡萄球菌,对分离菌株行纸片药敏检查。结果鼻腔金黄色葡萄球菌的总携带率为20.5%,MRSA的携带率为0.5%;分离菌株对万古霉素、阿米卡星、利福平、头孢唑林、环丙沙星和左氧氟沙星敏感率高,对青霉素、红霉素和克林霉素等敏感率较低。结论糖尿病患者鼻腔有较高的金黄色葡萄球菌携带率,但MRSA携带率低,携带的菌株对青霉素和红霉素以外的多数抗菌药物敏感。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS Nasal specimens were taken using sterile cotton swabs from the anterior nares of patients with diabetes mellitus. Nasal swabs were plated on mannitol salt agar media to screen for S. aureus. Susceptibilities of all (isolates) of S. aureus were confirmed by standardized disc-diffusion procedures in Muller-Hinton agar plates. (RESULTS) The nasal carriage rate of S. aureus was 20.5%, and the carriage rate of meticillin-resistant S. aureus was 0.5%. The susceptible rates of isolates to vancomycin, amikacin, rifampin, cefazolin,ciprofloxacin and (levofloxacin) were higher, and the rates to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin were lower. CONCLUSIONS The nasal carriage rate of S. aureus in patients with diabetes mellitus is high and the carriage rate of meticillin-(resistant) S. aureus was lower. The isolates were susceptible to most antimicrobial agents except penicillin and (erythromycin).