刈割时期和加工方式对柠条锦鸡儿饲用价值的影响

Influence of Mowing Period and Processing Method on the Feeding Value of Caragana korshinskii

选用4头装有瘤胃瘘管的西门答尔牛,用常规全收粪法测定柠条锦鸡儿(Caraganakorshinskii)的消化率,用瘤胃尼龙袋法测定瘤胃降解率;选用荷斯坦育成母牛54头,分别饲喂当年生花期、结实期和2年生结实期切碎、揉碎及粉碎柠条锦鸡儿,测定饲喂效果。结果表明:干物质(DM)、有机质(OM)、粗蛋白质(CP)瘤胃降解率以开花期最高(P<0.05),当年生结实期显著高于2年生结实期老枝(P<0.05);中性洗涤纤维(NDF)、酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)和瘤胃降解率,当年生开花期与结实期差异不显著,但皆显著高于2年生老枝(P<0.05);OM消化率以花期揉碎处理最高(P<0.05),结实期揉碎和花期切碎间差异不显著,但显著高于其它处理;CP、NDF和ADF消化率均以花期揉碎最高,与结实期揉碎差异不显著,但显著高于其它处理;每千克代谢体重柠条锦鸡儿和日粮干物质采食量均以结实期较高;加工方式以粉碎采食量高;结实期揉碎处理的采食率、日增重最高(P<0.05),每千克增重消耗精料最少,增重成本最低。

Four oxen of similar age and weight, all with permanent rumen fistula, were chosen and randomly allocated to ten treatments to examine their nutrient digestibility and rumen degradable rate of Caragana korshinskii. Fifty-four healthy holstein heifers with similar weight were chosen and randomly divided into nine treatment groups to test the feeding effect by giving them cut, rubbed, or ground C.korshinskii, which were mowed during the first-year plant's blooming or podding period, or the biennial plant's podding period. The result showed that the rumen degradable rate of dry matter, organic matter, and crude protein of the first-year C.korshinskii mowed during the blooming period was the highest (P<0.05), much higher than that of the biennial plant mowed during its blooming period (P<(0.05)). The degradability of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of C.korshinskii, mowed during the blooming or podding period, were not significantly different, but obviously higher than that of the biennial C.korshinskii mowed during the podding period (P<(0.05)). The nutrient digestibility of organic matter of C.korshinskii was superb if the feed was mowed during the plant blooming period and was rubbed into tiny bits (P<0.05). Rubbing the mowed podding C.korshinskii plant, or cutting the blooming one into tiny bits gained similar results, though obviously optimal than any other treatments. Nutrient digestibility of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber was the highest with blooming C.korshinskii, treated by rubbing into bits, which gave similar results to mowed podding C.korshinskii with the same treatment. Rubbing the mowed plants into bits was notably the optimaltreatment.The dry matter intake and diet per kilogram metabolic weight were considerably higher with C.korshinskii mowed during the podding period,and treated by grinding which markedhigh intake.The podding C. korshinskii treated by rubbing boasts high rate of intake and average daily weight of animal(P<0.05).The average daily kilogram weight gain spends only smalla mount of concentrate and costs very inexpensively.