东北地区不同大豆品种间的RAPD分析

STUDIES ON GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG NORTHEAST SOYBEAN CULTIVARS OF CHINA BY RAPD

实验采用RAPD技术对我国东北地区不同生态区的野生大豆和栽培的大豆品种材料进行了种间遗传关系分析。9个引物共扩增出141个片段,其中同源片段6 个,特异性片段21 个,多态性片段114个,显示出东北地区栽培的大豆品种间具有良好的多态性。通过NTSYS 软件对RAPD结果进行UPGMA聚类分析,得到了各品种间的亲缘关系树状图。所有类型的品种在大约0.45-0.80的距离水平被聚在一起,并于近0.57 处分成5 簇。其中野大豆01-336 居群与栽培种黑农40单独成簇,与其它品种间的亲缘关系最远,其它野生居群及栽培品种交叉排列,分成8簇。同一簇内野大豆居群间的遗传关系较近,与栽培大豆品种间遗传距离较远;不同簇间的野生大豆居群亲缘关系较远,隔离性强于簇内野生大豆与栽培种。黑农40 与其它栽培品种亲缘关系较远;农家品种小金黄11905与白眉103亲缘关系很近,与栽培品种合丰34、抗线3、绥农8亲缘关系相对近;农家品种黄宝珠与元宝金和宝丰7亲缘关系相对较近。

The genetic relationships among 8 populations of Glycinne soja and 20 varieties of G. max from northeast of China were analyzed by RAPD method. 141 bands were amplified totally with 9 primers, in which 6 bands were homologous, 21 bands were unique and 114 bands were polymorphic respectively. The results showed that there were high polymorphic between G. soja and G. max in Northeast of China. Phylogenetic tree of cultivars was obtained through UPGMA cluster analysis. All cultivars were clustered at 0.45 to 0.80 distance level, 5 clusters were branched at 0.57. Wild species(G. soja 01-336)and cultivar(G. max Heinong 40)were clustered solely from other cultivars, and the rest were crossed and divided to 8 clusters again. In the same cluster, the relationships of the wild species were closed and insulated significantly with cultivars. In the different clusters, the relationships of the wild species were far and the segregation was stronger than G. soja and G. max that of the same cluster.