二元结构下加快我国城市化进程的探析

A Study on the Speed up of Chinese Urbanization under Dual Economic Structures

改革开放初期制订的乡村城市化政策是有其时代背景的,为避免“大城市病”而选择“离土不离乡”的小城镇发展取向看似具有中国特色,但小城镇中绝大多数人口规模过小,聚集能力不强,部分小城镇的规划建设过分贪大求洋,好看而不实用,不少小城镇的发展缺乏工业力量的支持。由此导致城市化水平缓慢增长,乡村城市化低于政府预期。加快城市化进程是我国摆脱二元经济结构的根本出路,而以大城市为依托,通过城市产业联系带动周边地区的发展,是目前提高城市化水平的主要途径。

The urbanization policy at early years of Chinese open policy was made regarding the contemporary situation. To avoid “the disadv antages of big cities”, the small city orientation policy was adopted and people from countryside could be employed in cities without city citizenship. The small city orientation seemed to fit Chinese situation. However, the population scale of a considerable number of small cities was small, the centripetal force was not strong. Some small cities' layout and construction were too ideal to be realized. They were good in looking, but not good in use. The development of many s mall cities lacked industrial support for their economy. All of these contribute d to the slowness of urbanization, contrary to the government expectation. To speed up the urbanization is the fundamental way to go out of the dual structures. With the support of the big cities, to enhance the development of the areas around big cities via industrial liaison is the major way to promote the urbanization. On one hand, we should speed up the transference of rural surplus labor force to cities by reforming the residence registration system.