论文化适应

On Acculturation

"文化适应"作为文化人类学的一个重要概念,在从生物学引入到文化人类学中经历一个漫长而艰辛的过程。不同时代的学者对"文化适应"的理解,导致对文化人类学的研究方法与内容产生了较大的偏差,甚至延伸出不同的分支学科,本文通过文化适应本质的分析,提出了文化的特殊进化与文化适应度的关系,建立起了民族文化与生境适应的"文化适应"体系,提出了生物适应与文化适应的本质区别。

Acculturation,as an important concept in cultural anthropology,has undergone a long and bitter course since it was introduced from biology into cultural anthropology.Comprehension of scholars at different times has led to much deviation in the research method and content of cultural anthropology,thus appear many branches of learning.By analyzing the nature of acculturation,this paper illustrates the relationship between the special cultural evolution and the degree of acculturation,sets up an acculturation system of ethnic culture and bio-adaptability,and tells the difference between bio-adaptability and acculturation.