黄河三角洲农业生态地质环境综合研究

Comprehensive Study on Agricultural Ecologic and Geological Environment of the Yellow River Delta

为了遏制黄河三角洲农业生态地质环境质量急剧恶化的势头,促进黄河三角洲经济、资源与生态农业地质环境的协调发展,运用地质科学、农业生态科学、环境科学和地球化学等多种方法,系统分析了黄河三角洲农业生态地质环境特征,认为黄河三角洲是在海洋动力与河流动力共同作用下形成的,受特殊的海、陆、河与湿地相互交替演化且相互制约的脆弱生态地质环境和人类活动尤其是不科学的掠夺性资源开发等因素的影响,引发了土壤盐渍化、土壤沙化、土壤沼泽化、水土污染、地下水降落漏斗、海咸水入侵和地面沉降等地质环境问题,改变了农业生态地质环境的演化特征甚至方向。采用专家模糊聚类法把农业生态地质环境划分为3种类型、11个地质环境单元,提出了合理开发利用水资源、环境治理、农业生态地质环境质量监测等修复措施。

In order to contain the momentum of sudden worsening of agricultural, ecological and geological environment in the Yellow River delta and promote the balanced development of economy, resources and agricultural, ecological and geological environment in the Yellow River delta, the paper systematically analyzes the characteristics of the environment of the delta by using various kinds of methods of geology, agricultural ecology, environment sciences and geochemistry. It considers that the Yellow River delta is shaped under the joint action of motive powers of marine and river. It has caused the geological environment problems of soil salinization, desertification, paludification, soil and water pollution, ground water funneling, seawater intrusion and ground settlement and changed the evolution characteristics even the orientation of agricultural ecologic and geological environment effected by special alternated evolution of marine, land, river and wetlands, weak and restricted ecologic and geological environmental and human non-scientific and devastated resources development. The paper divides the environment into 3 categories and 11 elements and puts forward rehabilitation measures of rationally developing and utilizing water resources, environmental management and monitoring of agricultural ecologic and geological environment by using the method of expert fuzzy clustering.