低温预处理和基因型对甘蓝型油菜小孢子胚胎发生的影响

Effects of low temperature pretreatment and genotypes on embryogenesis of microspores in Brassica napus L.

以生长在大田自然环境下的16个甘蓝型油菜品种(系)和杂交组合为材料进行游离小孢子培养,探讨材料的低温预处理方式、处理时间、花序长度及其基因型对油菜小孢子胚胎发生的影响。结果表明,冷冻处理的油菜花序,其小孢子无胚胎发生能力;30～40cm长的花序冷藏处理10d,小孢子仍有一定的胚胎发生能力;花序长度在0～40cm时,用于处理的花序越长,则能进行小孢子胚胎发生的花序的有效处理时间越长;但随着花序处理时间的延长,小孢子产胚率有下降的趋势。此外,材料的基因型对小孢子产胚率有重要影响。

Effects of ways and time of low temperature pretreatment,lengths of inflorescences and genotypes of materials on embryogenesis of microspores were studied on isolated microspore culture of 16 cultivars (lines) and crossing combinations in Brassica napus L.in the field environment.The result showed that microspores had no embryogenesis capability when the rapeseed inflorescences were frozen pretreatment and that microspores still had certain embryogenesis capability when the inflorescences with 30-40 cm lengths were cold pretreated for 10 d.For inflorescences of 0-40 cm lengths,the longer of the length,the longer of the efficient pretreatment time in which microspores could conduct embryogenesis was longer.However,the embryoid yield trended to decline with the prolongation of pretreatment time of inflorescences.The experiment also proved that the genotypes of donor materials have an important effect on microspore embryogenesis rate.