塔里木河干流治理综述

A Summary of Management of the Main Tarim River

受气候干旱、水资源无序开发和低效利用等的影响,塔里木河流域生态环境日渐恶化,已成为制约流域经济发展、社会稳定等的主要问题。塔里木河干流治理的主要任务是在干流修建输水堤、生态闸和河道护岸工程,防止洪水漫溢,变无序用水为控制用水,提高该河段水资源的利用率,其作用是在满足上中游两岸生态用水和农业灌溉用水的同时,增大向下游的输水量,到 2005年实现向大西海子以下河道输水 3. 5亿m3 的目标。根据分析计算,治理工程实施后可基本达到向下游输水 5. 08亿m3 的目标,堤防工程的修建可增大河道输沙量,减少泥沙淤积。同时,工程布局以及河道护岸工程建设如何根据未来河势的变化进行调整和完善,还需要进行深入的研究。

The ecological environment of the Tarim River basin is increasingly deteriorated and has become a major problem of confining economic development and social stability of the basin owing to the effects of arid climate, disordered development and low efficient utilization of water resources. The main function of management of the main Tarim River is to build delivery dykes, ecological gates and bank revetments on the main channel, prevent over flooding, change disordered water use into controlled use, increase the utilization ratio of water resources of the section, increase the water delivery to the downstream under the conditions of satisfying water use for ecology and agriculture in the upper and middle reaches and achieve the objective of delivering 350 million m^3 to the channel downstream Daxihaizi by 2005. According to the analysis and calculation that the objective of delivering 508 million m^3 to the downstream can be basically achieved after the project, the constructed dykes can increase the channel capacity of sediment transport and reduce sedimentation. In the meanwhile, it still needs a further study on how to readjust and improve the engineering layout and bank revetments based on the future variations of river regime.