福建近岸海洋生态系统服务面临的挑战与调控对策

Challenges and regulation strategies the nearshore marine ecosystem services faced in Fujian

本文分析了福建近岸海湾资源开发利用现状、发展趋势和存在的主要生态问题,认为生态系统服务是可持续发展目标实现的基本保证.文中着重指出了随着沿海港口建设和港口工业的快速发展,福建近岸海洋生态系统服务面临着严峻挑战;并提出了合理港口功能布局、建立污染事故应急联动处置机制、加大城市排海污水治理力度、实施入海污染物总量控制、对滨海湿地实施法制化管理和加强对赤潮的监控等维护海洋生态系统服务的调控对策.

In this paper,the present statement,developing trend and the main ecological problems about exploitation and utilization of the nearshore marine resources in Fujian Province are analyzed.It is that the ecosystem services are the basic guarantee of sustainable development.With the rapid development of harbor construction and port industry,the nearshore ecosystem services in Fujian are faced with severe challenges.The regulation strategies for protecting marine ecosystem services are put forward,such as rationalzing the port function arrangements,estalblishing the emergency response mechanism of pollution accidents,strengthening the wastewater treatment which discharged into sea,enforcing the total mass control of pollutants,managing the coastal wetlands according to law,and strengthening the harmful algal bloom(HAB)monitoring.