广东石灰岩地区野生观赏植物资源的调查研究

AN INVESTIGATION ON NATIVE ORNAMENTAL PLANTS IN THE LIMESTONE AREA OF GUANGDONG PROVINCE

通过对广东省石灰岩地区植物的野外调查，初步发现该地区可作观赏用途的野生植物有４６７种，分隶于１１６科．该地区野生植物资源在生物学特性上有其特殊性，喜钙植物是构成广东石灰岩植被的主要成份．从观赏用途角度出发，该地区观赏植物资源可分为观赏蕨类植物、盆景树桩植物、绿化树种及攀援植物、野生花卉植物、阴生及肉质植物和兰科观赏植物七大类．广东石灰岩观赏植物可分成两个分布区域，即英德至怀集一线以南和以北两个主要分布区．在该线南部地区以常绿植物为主，北部地区有较多的落叶植物；此线以南石灰岩区因植被受破坏严重，种类较贫泛．广东石灰岩地区观赏植物的分布与所处的自然植被带及石灰岩植被的发育和保存状况有密切联系．

According to a prelminary investigation on natural plant resources in the limestonearea of Guangdong province,there are 467 species in 116 families that can be used for ornamentalcultivate-purpose.The calcipetes is the main element of the vegetation in the area. As for thebiological and morphological characters,these plants always have strong vitality and small leaveswith thick cuticle and some of them are thorny or succulent plants. With the purpose of usage,theseplant resources can be divided into seven groups.They are ornamental vines,sciophytes(includingsucculents)and orchids.Plants in this limestone area can be devided into two distribution zones. Oneis the southern area to the line from Yingde to Huaiji county at about 24°N latitude and the other isthe northern area to that line,In the southern zone,plants are always evergreen. Opposite to that,deciduous plants are more abundant in the northern area. But species in the southern area is poorbecause the vegetation was destroyed.We can find that the distribution and population of the nativeplants is close related to the natural vegetation zone and condiction of vegetation where they exist.