椎间盘内电热疗法治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的实验研究及临床应用

Intradiscal electrothermal treatment for discogenic back pain: experimental investigation and preliminary clinical application

目的 评价椎间盘内电热疗法(IDET)治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的安全性及临床疗效。方法 动物实验选用家猪2只,选择L3 -4、L4 - 5椎间盘全麻下行标准IDET治疗,术后即时、1、2周分别行MRI检查,于术后1、2周分别各处死1只动物,行大体及组织病理检查。临床应用选择慢性椎间盘源性腰痛患者2 3例(总计2 9个椎间盘,病变范围在L2 - 3～L5 - S1 ) ,进行IDET治疗。采用视觉模拟疼痛评分(VAS ,0 1 0 )作为疗效评价指标,对术前、术后1周及术后3个月评分进行统计学分析。结果 2只家猪4个椎间盘成功建立标准IDET模型,术后活动正常,即时MRI无异常信号改变,术后1、2周MRI示治疗椎间盘T2W髓核中心高信号体积缩小,周围呈明显低信号改变,1周后病理示髓核变性收缩,局部纤维环增厚,神经根及硬膜囊未见损伤。2 3例临床患者中2 9个椎间盘成功行IDET ,与术前比较,术后1周及3个月随访VAS分值均有显著性差异(P <0 .0 0 0 1 ) ,有效率分别为6 5 .3%、78.9%。无明显并发症发生。结论 IDET治疗椎间盘源性腰痛有效、安全。

Objective To assess the effectiveness and the safety of IDET for chronic discogenic low back pain. Methods Standard intradiscal electothermal treatment were performed in two adjacent disc levels (L3-4,L4-5) of two domestic pigs. MRI were available at pretreatment, posttreatment of 1,2 weeks, and then the two animals were killed respectively at 1,2 weeks after the procedure. The specimens were then undergone thin sectioned and subjected to humatoxylin and eosin staining for histological investigation. 23 patients (totally 29 discs, including L2-3 to L5-S1) with chronic symptoms underwent IDET for clinical study. VAS (Visual Analog Scale) pain scores were collected before the treatment, 1 week and 3 months after the procedure. One￣Way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. Results 4 discs of standard IDET models have been set up in two pigs showing normal MRI T2W1 signal of nucleus puloposus immediately after the procedure, but the high signal extent of the central part of the nucleo pulposus shrinked with conspicuous peripheral low signal changes during the following 1-2 W. Degeneration and shrinkage of nueleo-pulposus with lecolized fibrous ring thickening were found pathologically but without damage to nurve roots and epidural sac. 29 discs in 23 patients were performed successfully, without complication. The follow-up evaluation of 1 week and 3 months after the treatment showing significant differences with those before the treatment on was scores 65.3% and 78.9% respectively (P<0.0001). Conclusions IDET is safe and effective for chronic discogenic low back pain.