肝素对哮喘大鼠气道炎症影响的研究

Effect of Heparin on Airway Inflammation in Rats with Asthma

目的:探讨肝素对哮喘大鼠气道炎症的影响。方法:Wistar大鼠24只,随机分为健康对照组(A组)、哮喘组(B组)、哮喘治疗组(C组),每组8只,哮喘组和哮喘治疗组大鼠均采用5%卵蛋白2ml腹腔注射致敏,于第15d时,用1%卵蛋白激发,共7d。哮喘治疗组在激发前30min予以肝素雾化吸入。哮喘组则在激发前予等量生理盐水雾化吸入。通过powerlab数据记录分析系统测定各组大鼠肺功能;对各组大鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液进行细胞计数及分类并对大鼠气道病理组织学改变进行观察。结果:①与健康对照组比较,哮喘组呼气风流速(PEF)明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),哮喘组和哮喘治疗组气道内压上升斜率(IPSlope)则增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,P<0.01);哮喘治疗组PEF较哮喘组增高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而IPSlope则降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。②哮喘组和哮喘治疗组支气管肺泡灌洗液细胞总数及中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞、嗜酸粒细胞、上皮细胞所占百分数均高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01,P<0.05);而哮喘治疗组支气管肺泡灌洗液中细胞总数及淋巴细胞、嗜酸粒细胞所占百分数均低于哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。③哮喘组和哮喘治疗组的气道腔内炎性细胞渗出、气道壁炎性细胞浸润和气道壁平滑肌增厚均明显高于健康对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,P<0.01);而哮喘治疗组气道腔内炎性细胞渗出和气道壁炎性细胞浸润,又明显低于哮喘组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:雾化吸入肝素可以减轻哮喘大鼠的气道炎症。

Objective: To investigate the effect of heparin on airway inflammation in rats with asthma. Methods:24 rats were randomly divided into three groups:asthma group (n=8),treatment group (n=8) and control group (n=8).Rats in asthma group and treatment group was given intraperitoneal 5% of ovalbumin 2ml daily and 1% of ovalbumin was adder from the fifteen day until a period up to 7 days.Before sensitization,rats in treatment group inhaled aerosolised heparin,while rats in asthma group inhaled the same dose of aerosolised sodium chloride.Pulmonary function was evaluated by powerlab data logging and analysis system.The cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were counted and classified,the pathologic change of airway was observed among groups. Results:①Compared with the control group,PEF in asthma group was decreased.Ip slope in both asthma group and treatment group were increased.The differences were markedly significant(P<0. 001,P<0. 001,P<0. 01) .Compared with the asthma group,PEF in the treatment group was increased,while Ip slope decreases,showing significant differences (P<0. 01,P<0. 05).②The total count of cells and percentages of macrophage,lymphocytes and epithelial cells in both asthma group and treatment group were higher than those in control group,showing significant differences (P<0. 01,P<0. 05).The total count of cells and percentages of lymphocyte,eosinophils were decreased in treatment group,compared with the asthma group (P<0. 01,P<0. 05).③Inflammatory effusion in airway,infiltration of inflammatory cells in airway wall and bronchial smooth muscle hyperplasia in both asthma group and treatment group were higher than those in control group (P<0. 001,P<0. 001),which in treatment group were lower than those in asthma group,the difference was obvious (P<0. 001). Conclusion:Inhaling heparin may lessen inflammation in airway in rats with asthma.