阿富汗问题的历史演变及根源探析

Analysis of Afghanistan Problems

18世纪末以来,世界各大国对阿富汗的争夺以及阿富汗民族在夹缝中奋力抗争以求独立的不懈努力,构成了国际关系史中阿富汗问题的丰富内容。先有英法的对抗,继而是英俄及英苏的争夺,最后是美苏的抗衡及其各自发动的阿富汗战争。究其根源,有地缘故政治因素,有地缘经济因素,有部族、教派因素;有文化因素,同时也与阿富汗自身脆弱的中立外交有关。

In international relation history, the fights for Afghanistan among powerful countries and Afghan nation's all-out struggle for independence have remained the rich content of Afghanistan problem since the end of the 19* century. It was firstly begun with the confrontation between Britain and Russia. Subsequently, there appeared with Soviet Union, which resulted in two Afghanistan wars.The historical phenomenon of how Afghanistan is reduced to the target of fight among powerful countries is analyzed in the light of the international relation theories, such as geopolitics, geoeconomy as well as national interest.