离心泵快速启动过程的瞬态水力特性——外特性研究

Transient hydrodynamic performance of centrifugal pump during rapid starting period: Study of explicit characteristics

介绍了水泵瞬态试验装置和试验过程,对一台叶轮直径为125mm的管道离心泵进行了试验,通过快速响应测试仪表和高速数据采集系统实现瞬态参数的采集.给出在4种不同管路参数下离心泵启动过程的试验结果,并与基于准稳态假设的结果进行比较.试验结果表明,在启动过程中,离心泵的扬程随着转速的迅速上升而迅速增大,并在转速最大时达到最大值,转速稳定后的瞬态性能与稳态性能完全对应.在转速到达最大前的瞬态过程中,后阶段的性能与基于准稳态假设的结果基本吻合;在启动初始阶段,无量纲扬程呈现很大值,继而迅速减小到低于准稳态假设值,表现出明显的瞬态效应.

A volute centrifugal pump with impeller diameter of 125 mm was tested in a special facility designed and built for transient operation research. The transient parameters of centrifugal pump were collected by an acute instrument and a high-speed collection system. With the control valve held at different open positions during 4 different transient operations, the different transient results were analyzed compared with the assumed quasi-steady results. Analysis of the transient results shows that the flow-rate and pump head increase as rotational speed increases, and that they finally approach the steady-state values when rotational speed reaches maximal value. The transient performance after a moment accords with the performance under quasi-steady assumption. The nondimensional pump head coefficient tends to become larger than the quasi-steady value at the very beginning of the start, which indicates obvious transient effect.