青麻叶大白菜小孢子培养及新品种选育

Microspore Culture of Qingmaye Chinese Cabbage and Its Selection and Breeding of New Varieties

对影响青麻叶大白菜游离小孢子培养的因素进行了研究。结果表明:供体植株的基因型与小孢子胚胎发生密切相关;33℃,24h高温处理有助于小孢子转化成胚状体,每蕾成胚数比25℃恒温培养提高4 5倍;在培养基中加入外源激素和多种氨基酸可以提高胚状体的诱导效率,平均比对照增加59.64%;培养基的琼脂含量增加到12g/L能显著提高小孢子胚的成苗率,比含琼脂8g/L的高出40.5个百分点。通过对青麻叶大白菜小孢子胚的培养,获得二倍性的双单倍体植株,从中选出性状优良的纯系进行杂交组合的选配,培育出青麻叶大白菜的新品系。

The affecting factors and cultural condition of the isolated microspore in Qingmaye Chinese cabbage breeding have been studied. The embryo formation is closely related with genotypes of donor plant; High temperature treatment 33 ℃,24 h can accelerate formation of embryo from microspore, the number of embryo per bud increased 4.5 times as much as that of 25 ℃ constant T. The added exogenous hormone and poly amino acid to culture medium can improve the inductivity of embryoid, increasing averagely 59.64% than that of the contrast. The content of agar increased to 12 g/L in culture medium can raise seedling rate of embryos significantly, 40.5% higher than that of 8 g/L. Double haploid (DH) plant of Qingmaye Chinese cabbage was obtained through microspore culture. Isogonics lines with good characters in DH lines were selected to make up hybridized combinations, and a new variety of Qingmaye Chinese cabbage was bred.