用基因工程方法研制廿二碳六烯酸

Investigation and Preparation of Docosahexaenoic Acid Using Gene Engineering Methods

廿二碳六烯酸(DHA)能促进脑细胞的生长发育,改善大脑机能和行为学习,防治中枢神经疾病,是人及其它动物重要的必需多不饱和脂肪酸。目前,DHA主要来自深海鱼油的分离制备。利用微生物发酵生产DHA仍处于实验室阶段。破囊壶菌(Thraustochytriumroseum)是合成DHA的优良海洋真菌。研究与筛选破囊壶菌DHA合成突变株,克隆破囊壶菌DHA合成关键酶基因,进而在酵母真核表达系统中表达,可为今后对该酶进行更深入的研究及应用建立良好的基础。用基因工程方法研制重组DHA ,将开拓广阔的应用前景。

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important and necessary polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) for human being and other animals. DHA can improve the growth and development of brain cells, improve the brain functions and behavior, prevent and cure the diseases of central nervous system. So far, DHA is mainly isolated from the oil of fish in the deep sea. Laboratory experiments are also conducted to produce DHA using the fermentation of microorganism. Thraustochytrium roseum is a good marine fungus for synthesizing DHA. The mutation of Thraustochytrium roseum for synthesizing DHA should be studied and chosen for cloning the gene of key synthetic enzyme. Then the cloned gene of key synthetic enzyme is further expressed in yeast. These will set up a good basis for further study and applying gene methods to produce high output of recombinant DHA. A widen forescene of application will be created using gene methods to investigate recombined DHA.