紫花苜蓿花部特征遗传多样性分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Alfalfa Floral Properties

采用形态标记和RAPD分子标记相结合的方法,对10个紫花苜蓿(MedicagosativaL.)品种的花萼直径、花冠长度、花序花朵数、单枝花序数、单位面积花朵数、已弹花百分率、花蜜量、花蜜含糖量及花蜜中蔗糖、果糖和葡萄糖含量等花部特征的遗传变异进行了研究,结果表明,紫花苜蓿品种间花部特征的变异为0.80%～92.30%,花蜜中葡萄糖变异最大,变幅为0.01～0.53μmol/L(P<0.05);花蜜含糖量的变异最小,且差异不显著(P>0.05);RAPD分析表明,各品种的遗传距离变异范围为0.21～0.35,其中变异最大的是WL323和Shanbei,而变异最小的是Derby和Prime;紫花苜蓿品种间的花部特征具有丰富的遗传多样性。

Genetic mutations of alfalfa floral properties,including calyx diameter, coronary length, flower number per raceme, raceme number per twig, flower number per unit area, percentage of flicked flowers, excreted nectar (amount), sugar concentration in nectar and contents of sucrose, fructose and glucose in nectar,have been studied with both morphological markers and RAPD markers. The results showed that the genetic variation of floral properties is from 0.80% to 92.30%, of which the content of glucose was the most significant one with the variation from 0.01 to 0.53 μmol/L (P<0.05), and the sugar concentration was the most insignificant one (P>0.05). RAPD analysis showed that variances of genetic distances was from 0.21 to 0.35, among which the most significant one was WL323 and Shanbei, and the most insignificant one was Derby and Prime. Thus it can be seen that genetic diversity of floral properties among these varieties of alfalfas is abundant.