大豆细胞质遗传芽黄突变体的发现

Discovery of a Cytoplasmically Inherited Virescent Mutant of Soybean

本研究新发现一个大豆芽黄突变体NJ89-3.该突变体典型表现为,从第一对真叶开始,新生叶表现明显黄化,但随叶片充分伸展定形,逐渐变为正常绿色.植株最后一张叶片充分伸展定形后,芽黄植株与正常绿色植株并无明显区别.研究表明NJ89-3的芽黄性状由细胞质基因突变引起,属细胞质遗传,建议将此细胞质基因命名为cyt-Yv.

Thirty-six yellowish and 67 green plants were observed in a F1:2plant-to-row of the cross be-tween Nannong 1138-2 and Jingshanniumaohuang,both of which were local varieties with nor-mal green leaves. Cotyledons of the yellowish plants were green as usual, but their young leaves were obviously yellowish in comparison with the normal green ones. As the yellowish leaves get-ting to their normal size.they became progressively green. It was difficult to distinguish the ab-normal plants from normal green ones when all the leaves grew up. This kind of systematic yellowish symptom. theref ore, was defined as virescence which was also reported in other crops such as cotton and wheat.and was obviousely different from the chlorophyll-defkient symptom.The leaf color of the original F1 plant from which the F1:2 plant-to-row derived was not no-ticed and no plant with both virecent and normal symptoms was observed in the F1:2 plant-to-row. All the 17 F3 lines derived from the normal green plants of the F1:2 plant-to-row were green and all 6 F3 lines derived from the virescent plants of the same plant-to-row remained virescent while other traits such as flower color and maturity showed segregation. All progenies from F3 plants, no matter green or virescent .also did not segregate in leaf color. All F1 and F2 generations of crosses with virescent plants as male parent and non-virescent plants as female parent were non-virescent. All F1 plants of crosses with virescent plants as femal parents were virescent. These data indicated the virescent plant was a mutant and it was cytoplasmically inherited. The genesymbol cyt-Yv was suggested to designate this virescrent mutant.