棉花与锦葵科等植物的子叶、叶序与花瓣旋向之间的形态相关

Morphological Relation among Direction of Petals' Order, Seminal Leaves and Leaf Rank in Cotton and Some Plants Else of Malvaceae and Other Families

棉花与锦葵科(Malvaceae)等植物的子叶、真叶、花梗与花瓣的一些形态特征有着十分密切的互相关连。据对棉花与锦葵科及十字花科、茄科、苋科、藜科共5科16种植物观察,它们的二片子叶均有大小之别,并各自参预了叶序及其转向的形成。叶序转向的顺时针或反时针系由数学上或然率所致。棉花和多种锦葵科植物的主茎叶序转向与叶腋中花梗(或果枝)的出向及花瓣排列的旋向有着十分密切的关连。由此,更深刻地反映了棉花等高等植物器官形态表现的完整性、致密性和连贯性。

Researches on cotton, some plants else of malcaceae and other families show that seminal leaves, true leaves, and pedicels are closely related to some morphological characters of petals. Observing cotton and other 16 plants of malvaceae, oruciferae, chenopodiaceae, solanaceae and a-maranthaceae, we found that their two seminal leaves are different in size and participate in formation of phyllotaxy and their directions. The directions of phyllotaxy (clockwise or counterclockwise) are random. In cotton and many other plants of malvaceae , the directions of phy-lotaxy of main stem are directly connected with emerging directions of pedicels (or fruit branches) in leaf axils, and also with the directions of petal range. The cardinal principles are that if there are some differences between two seminal leaves, the emerging direction of the first true leaf will determine the direction of phyllotaxy of main stem, which determine the emerging directions of pedicels (or fruit branches) and the directions of petals' order in leaf axils (or branches). The common law is that the directions of phyllotaxy or petals' order are decided by the curve direction formed by the first true leaf or flower, the younger adacent leaf (the small seminal leaf or the first leaf of mainstem or of fruit branch) and the older leaf at the same segment (the big seminal leaf or the leave at the same segment of mainstem or of fruit branch). The studies reveal the compact, consistent and intact characteristics of organic morpha of high plants (including cotton) in further step.