特大洪水溃堤后对血吸虫病疫情影响的纵向观察

Longitudinal observation on the epidemic situation of schistosomiasis after levee break by flood

目的阐明特大洪水溃堤对血吸虫病流行的影响。方法选择1998年特大洪水溃破的凤仪洲作为观察对象,对溃堤后螺、病情进行流行病学调查,收集灾前有关年份疫情资料及水旱特征资料。结果 1998年溃堤后,滩地钉螺面积增加了56.2％,灾后阳性螺密度升高,居民感染率呈持续上升趋势,同时引起疫区扩大。结论特大洪水溃堤,将对血吸虫病流行产生严重影响。

Objective To clarify the influence on the prevalence of schistosomiasis after levee break by flood. Methods To select Fengyi island which was broken in 1998 by flood, and develop epidemiological survey on snail and disease after flood, and collect the information about epidemic situation and the character of waterlogging and drought before 1998. Results After levee break in 1998, it resulted in the pervasion of snail in the marshland, the area of snail increased by 56.2 percent, the density of infected snail rised. The infection rate of people also showed the rising trend. Meanwhile, the endemic areas enlarged. Conclusion It caused serious influence on the prevalence of schistosomiasis after levee break by Yangtz river flood.