快速控制山丘型血吸虫病新流行区防治对策的效果和效益评估

Assessment on effectiveness and benefit of intervention measure on endemic situation of schistosomiasis in a newly identified endemic area in taoyuan county

目的评估干预措施在桃源血吸虫病新流行区所取得的效果和效益。方法比较干预措施前后和干预措施期间试点居民和耕牛血吸虫病情指标、钉螺密度及钉螺感染性指标的差异,对比干预措施的成本和产生的效益。结果两年的干预措施使居民血吸虫病感染率由1998年12.61％下降到2000年的0.14％,同期家畜感染率也由15.91％下降到1.35％。活螺框出现率下降幅度为93％,活螺密度下降幅度99％,感染螺消失。干预措施成本效益比为1:1.76。结论在地理位置较封闭,流行因素较简单的山丘性血吸虫病新流行区,可以通过强化的综合性干预措施控制血吸虫病的流行,干预措施的投人在经济上也是合算的。

Objective To assess the effectiveness and benefit of the intervention on the endemicity of schistosomiasis in a newly identified endemic area of schistosomiasis in Taoyuan County, Hunan Province, China. Methods The prevalence of residents and domestic animals, snails' density and their infectivity in different periods were compared and analyzed. Analysis of inputs and outputs of the intervention was made. Results Two years of intervention had greatly reduced the epidemiologieal indicators of targets. The prevalence of residents decreased from 12.61% in 1998 to 0.14% in 2000, and the prevalence of the domestic animals dropped from 15.91% in 1998 to 1.35% in 2000. The percentage of the frames with living snails was reduced by 93% and the density of living snails was reduced by 99%. No infected snails was detected. The ratio of cost and benefit of intervention reached 1:1.76. Conclusion In endemic areas of schistosomiasis with compar- atively isolated geographical features and simpler epidemic factors, it is possible for a comprehensive inter- vention measure majored by chemotherapy to control the transmission of schistosomiasis, and it is feasible to take the intervention in terms of economy.