三米跳板跳水空中技术动作的三维运动学分析方法

An Analysis of Aerial Performance Techniques in 3-m Board Diving With the Method of 3-D Kinesiology

旨在建立适合三米跳板跳水空中动作的三维运动学分析方法。方法:用安装于笔记本电脑的运动采集软件及其相连接的两台DV摄像机同步采集三米跳板跳水空中动作。用三维标定框架置于跳板上进行标定拍摄。用SIMIomotion运动录像分析系统解析空中动作。用前述方法考察杆状物体在3×2×7m空间范围运动时所解析获得长度的误差。结果:解析获得运动员头部、颈、腕关节、肘关节、肩关节、躯干中心点、髋关节、膝关节、踝关节、跳板等关键点的三维位移和速度。同时获得运动员质心的位移和速度,腾空时间,起跳角度等关键技术指标。误差分析表明,本方法最大误差小于3%。结论:本研究建立了三米跳板跳水三维运动学分析的有效方法。

Objective: The objective of this paper is to develop a suitable method of 3-D motion analysis for 3-m board diving. Methods: Aerial performances of diving are captured using two synchronized DV cameras,which are controlled by a motion capture software implanted in a notebook PC. A Peak brand calibration frame is put over the diving board and calibration images are recorded. The recorded pictures are digitized using a SIMI motion analysis system. The aforementioned method is used to investigate the measurement error by digitization of the pictures for the length of a long shaft. Results:Displacements and velocities of key joints,including the head, neck, wrists, elbows,shoulders,middle point of trunk,hips,knees,ankles,and fore corners of the board,have been obtained by digitization of the pictures. Some key indexes of the performance techniques, which include displacements and velocities of the mass center of athletes,time lasted in the air,angles of taking off,have also been obtained. Error assessment suggests that the error of the 3 D motion analysis is less than 3%. Conclusion:A valid method of 3-D motion analysis for 3-m board diving has been established.