宪政维度下的政党与政权关系

The Relations between a Political Party and the State Power along the Dimension of Institutional Government

政党是一定阶级、阶层或集团,为了维护其自身利益、实现其共同或相近的政治纲领和政治主张而谋求通过选举取得和巩固政权,由其阶级中的先进分子组成的合法的政治组织。政党为取得和巩固政权而建立,能满足一定社会中不同利益团体维护自己利益的需求,政党制度为政党取得和巩固政权或干预政权提供了法律保障。在宪政体制下,政党取得和执掌政权具有合法性、间接性和暂行性的特点。

A political party is a legal political organization composed of the advanced members of a particular class, a particular stratum or group for the sake of maintaining the interests of their own, realizing their same or similar political program and political proposals and obtaining or strengthening the state power through elections. This party, set up for obtaining or strengthening the state power, may satisfy the needs of various interest groups in a certain society in the maintenance of their interests. The institution of political parties has supplied a legal guarantee for obtaining, strengthening or intervening in the state power. Under the system of institutional government, a political party's obtaining and holding the state power has the feature of legality, indirectness and temporariness.