棉花纤维发育的遗传机制及分子标记

The genetic mechanism of cotton fibre development and its molecular tagging

棉花是世界上重要的天然纤维作物。棉纤维是由胚珠外表皮单细胞在受精前后经分化突起、伸长和细胞壁增厚而形成。棉纤维发育过程中的形态、细胞学、生理生化等特点,以及有关棉纤维的经典遗传和分子标记方面的研究已有较成熟的理论基础。克隆棉纤维发育相关基因,从分子水平改良棉纤维品质,已成为主要研究方向。但由于其发育是受多个基因共同调控的复杂过程,至今对发育各阶段分子生理调控机制还不十分清楚。

Cotton is a globally important natural fibre crop. The fibre is formed by initiation protuberance of fibre primordial cells , elongation and secondary wall thickening of ovule epidermal cells . The morphological anatomical specialties, cytology, physiological and biochemical characteristics at each stage of fibre development, Mendelian heredity and molecular tagging of fibre traits were reviewed in present paper. Understanding the regulation mechanism of fibre development, cloning the related genes and improving fibre quality through molecular technology have become the main research aspects. Its development is a complicated course adjusted by a lot of genes. The physiological and molecular regulation mechanism are not very clear of the fibre development.