慢性乙型肝炎患者卫生行为的调查及其健康教育

Investigation on Healthy Behaviors of the Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B and the Health Education

目的了解不同性别、病情、文化程度、职业的慢性乙型肝炎(慢乙肝)患者卫生行为并探讨健康教育对纠正患者不良卫生行为的影响。方法采用自行设计的调查表,在健康教育前、后对200例慢乙肝患者进行调查并根据调查结果针对性地对患者采取书面宣教、面对面教育、实物演示等健康教育。结果慢乙肝患者的卫生行为在不同文化程度、职业中差异有显著性意义(P<0.05,P<0.01),而在不同性别、疾病程度中差异无显著性意义(均P>0.05),住院期间接受健康指导前、后比较,患者卫生行为差异有显著性意义(均P<0.01)。结论医务工作者应重视慢乙肝患者的健康教育,且健康教育对象应侧重于低文化程度者及农民和学生。

Objective To understand the healthy behaviors of the patients with chronic B hepatitis (CHB) who had different sexes, disease conditions, cultural degrees and occupations and explore the effect of healthy education on the healthy behaviors of the CHB patientes.Methods By using the self-designed questionnaire, 200 cases of CHB were subjected to healthy education.Results There was significant difference in the healthy behaviors of the CHB patienties between different educational levels and occupations (P<0.05, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between sexes and disease conditions (all P>0.05). During hospitalization, there was significnat difference in the healthy behaviors before and after healthy education (all P<0.01).Conclusion Medical workers should pay attention to the healthy education of the CHB patients, especially to those with low educational level, students and peasants.