急性白血病患者医院感染调查分析

Analysis of Nosocomical Infection in Patients with Acute Leukemia

目的探讨急性白血病(AL)患者医院感染特点,以利有针对性的护理。方法对我院血液科311例急性白血病(AL)医院感染患者进行回顾性分析。结果医院感染发生率为46.3%,例次发病率51.4%。感染部位以呼吸道、血液、口腔为主,感染部位不明占9.4%。检出73株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌34株,占46.6%;革兰阳性菌24株,占32.9%;真菌15株,占20.5%。有无医院感染的病死率分别为20.8%和9.6%,两者差异有显著性意义(χ2=13.71,P<0.01)。结论AL医院感染率高,预防和控制医院感染是提高AL治疗水平,延长患者生存期的重要措施。

Objective To analyze the characteristics and risk factors of nosocomial infection (NI) in patients with acute leukemia. Methods Three hundred and eleven patients with acute leukemia treated in our hospital from 2001 to 2003 were analyzed retrospectively. Results The rate of NI was 46.3 %. Respiratory tract, oral cavity, and blood were more frequently infected. The infection source could not be found in some patients. There were 73 strains of pathogens, including 34 G- strains (46.4 %), 24 G+ strains (32.9 %), and 15 strains fungus (20.5 %). The mortality rate was 20.8 % and 9.6 % in patients with NI or without NI respectively with the difference being significant between them (χ=13.71, P<0.01). Conclusion NI rate was high in acute leukemia patients. In order to improve the curative effect of acute leukemia, it is important to prevent and control NI.