论北洋军阀统治时期熊希龄的国家结构观

Xiong Xiling's Issues of State Structure in the Period of Warlord

在袁世凯统治时期,熊希龄曾入主内阁,在地方制度上提出采行单一制国家结构、实行中央集权的施政纲领,对袁世凯加强中央集权统治起到了推波助澜的作用。1917年至1926年,他改变立场,极力主张联邦制,20 年代还汲汲于实际活动。熊希龄思想的变化具有复杂的背景和深刻的根源,典型地反映了立宪党人的政治见解和政治性格。

Xiong Xiling seemed to be bound tightly with the issue of state structure. During the reign of Yuan Shikai, Xiong Xiling, as the cabinet prime minister, raised his administrative program that China should adopt single state system and centralized government. Although Xiong Xiling played an important role in strengthening Yuan Shikai's despotism, Yuan Shikai abandoned him at last. Thus from 1917 to 1926, Xiong Xiling changed his stand and advocated federalism, and also engaged actively in such activities. Although the federal theory was kind of progressive, its limitation was very obvious. Xiong Xiling came finally to playing into others' hands. With a complicated background and profound root, Xiong Xiling's thoughts reflected a typical constltutionalistic partisan's political opinions and political personality.