室内生物源性污染物对健康影响的研究进展

Progression of study on the health effects of indoor biological contaminants

室内空气质量与人体健康密切相关。随着空调普及导致室内空气循环减少以及家庭宠物的流行等,为室内微生物的生存和繁殖提供了条件。空气中的微生物及其产生的毒素、致敏原经常附着于飞沫及颗粒物上,降落地面或长时间漂浮空气中形成微生物气溶胶。长期暴露于生物源性污染物可能对人体造成健康危害,以呼吸系统病变(如慢性阻塞性肺部疾患,炎症等)和变态反应(如变应性鼻炎,肺炎及哮喘等)为主。本文对近十年来有关空气生物源性污染物的研究进展进行综述。

The use of HVAC (the heating, ventilation and air conditioning) system which leads to the inadequate circulation of indoor air, together with the popularization of family pets, creates an appropriate environment for survival and reproduction of air-borne microbes. Microbes with their toxin and allergen in air often adhere to saliva and particular matters, landing to the ground or floating in air for long time. Potential adverse health consequences may be led to subjects exposed to the biological contaminants. In particular, the disorders from the respiratory and allergic response were often reported. The progresses of studies on the biological contaminants during recent ten years were reviewed in the paper.