机床加工精度的自适应控制

ADAPTIVE CONTROL FOR THE MACHINING ACCURACY OF MACHINE TOOLS

本文采用直接检测加工区域误差的全环控制方法,分析了加工误差与测量信号的关系及加工误差的表现形式;对机床加工精度的控制(尺寸精度与形状精度);首次提出了用趋势性差分方程描述加工误差;应用自适应控制理论,确定了模型结构形式;并通过在线辨识系统参数,设计了系统的自校正调节器。在实际加工过程中,取得了较为满意的结果。本文为提高数控机床的加工精度提供了一套行之有效的方法,同时也为研究机床加工过程,建立综合性数学模型提供了一条可行的途径。

The relationship between machining errors and inspection signals is analysed by making use of a new wholly closed-loop control method which is based on the detection of the dimensional error directly. To improve machining accuracy a difference equation model with trend which describes machining process is deduced firstly, and this model structure is determined by the theory of adaptive control, and the selftuning controller is designed by means of the method that the model parameters are estimated on-line. The result is satisfactory in actual machining process. The method in this paper has proved effective to improve accuracy of NC machine tools,to study machining process and to establish mathematical model.