中国古焊药研究

STUDY OF CHINESE ANCIENT BRAZING FLUX

本文通过古代文献考证,发现我国古焊药有胡桐泪、硵砂、天明砂、硼砂、松香、卤盐、盐胆七种之多。同时,以现代科技手段对我国古文献中最早出现的钎焊焊药—胡桐泪进行实验考证。结果表明:胡桐泪是我国西北地区一种名叫胡杨树之树液凝固后的产物。它的活性温度为600～610℃。它的活性物质是CO+H_2。但由于其露点不够低,所以胡桐泪只能用于金、银、紫铜的银焊。社会调查和文献考证还表明:采用胡桐泪的钎焊工艺是炭炉钎焊。可能是古代中西方文化交流的产物。

The present paper, by means of the ancient Chinese literature textual criti- cism, discovered that seven kinds of ancient soldering and brazing fluxes, such as poon juice, ammonium chloride, borax, rosin, etc.,were employed in ancient China. poon juice, the first published and recorded flur in ancient Chinese literature, is tested and verified by using modern scientific technique means. Research results indicate that poon juice is a solidified product of the juice of poon tree, which is born and brought up in the northwestern provinces of China. The active temperature of poon juice is 600--610℃. Its active matter is hydrogen and carbon monoxide. However, due to its high dew point, poon juice only brazes such materials as gold, silver and copper. Social investigation and literature textual research show that the brazing process of poon juice is the carbon-fired furnace brazing. This process may be the product of cultural exchange between China and the West in ancient times.