河南省商城县基本消除丝虫病后的巩固与监测

The consolidation and surveillance of filariasis after basic elimination in Shangcheng County of Henan Province.

目的掌握残存传染源的分布情况和丝虫病流行动态,加快消除丝虫病的进程。方法于1975年基本消除丝虫病后开展了查治残存传染源的实验研究和定点观察,采取了全民普服海盐、复核查治慢性丝虫病人和开展DDT滞留喷洒、溴氰菊酯浸泡蚊帐灭蚊等巩固措施,而后进行了横向、纵向病原学、血清学和蚊媒监测。结果1976～2002年横向监测169415人,检出残存微丝蚴血症者899人,开展重点人群监测10864人,检出微丝蚴血症者188人;横向监测人房内蚊媒18037只,查出人体幼丝虫感染阳性蚊19只,自1982年后未再发现阳性蚊;1975年11月～1985年定点观察血检16611人,查出微丝蚴阳性95人,剖检人房内蚊媒11085只,1977年查出感染阳性蚊2只,自1978年后未再发现阳性蚊;1988～2000年纵向监测点血检6807人、剖检人房内蚊媒53691只,未检出微丝蚴和感染蚊。血清学监测847人,未发现阳性。1988～2002年监测全县未检出微丝蚴血症者和幼丝虫感染蚊。结论商城县基本消除丝虫病后采取的措施远期效果巩固,已消除了丝虫病。

Objective To understand the distribution pattern of residual microfilaremias and endemic dynamics of filariasis so as to speed up the elimination of filariasis in Shangcheng County. Methods In 1975 after filariasis basically eliminated,the study on detection and treatment of residual source of infection, fixed-point observation were conducted, consolidating measures such as mass administration of medicated salt, treatment chronic patient, and mosquito control by spraying pyrethroid and DDT were carried out. Then surveillance activities on etiology, serology and mosquito vector were conducted. Results From 1976 to 2002, a total of (169 415) and 10 864 persons were screened in cross-sectional and target population etiological surveillance and 899 and 188 residual microfilaremia were detected out. 18 037 mosquitoes in human rooms were examined in cross-sectional surveillance and 19 mosquitoes infected were detected. No positive mosquitoes were found since 1982. Longitudinal surveillance: From 1975 to 1985,(16 611)persons were screened in the fixed-point observation and 95 residual microfilaremia were detected,11 805 mosquitoes in human rooms were examined and 2 mosquitoes infected was detected in 1987. No positive mosquito were found since 1978. From 1988 to 2000, 6 807 persons and 53 691 mosquitoes in human rooms were examined in longitudinal surveillance point but neither microfilaremia nor infected mosquito were found. The serological surveillance of 847 persons, and no positives were detectied. From 1989 to 2002, no microfilaremia and infected mosquitoes were detected in surveillance activities. Conclusion Consolidating measures taken in Shangcheng after filariasis basically eliminated were effective and the objective of long term control has been achieved.