中国私营企业如何走出家族化——浅析私营企业家族化利弊

How Can Private Enterprises in China Be Out of the Family Bond ——A brief analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of the family enterprises

家族社会是中国社会的传统,家族在中国是一种生活方式的同时也是一种社会制度。中国的民营企业存在着普遍的家族化现象,渗透到融资方式、产权制度、人事制度、管理方式。从在企业发展的初级阶段来看,家族化利大于弊,但是其消极后果在后期阶段充分显现出来,这个时候企业必须走出家族化,融资方式和产权制度的转变相对容易,人事制度和管理方式就要困难得多,最重要的问题有两个,一个是在企业内部建立竞争性的人事制度的问题,另一个则是如何解决权力结构一元化,完善公司治理结构的问题。

Clan society is a tradition of the Chinese society. Clan is a way of life as well as an institution of society. There is a normal phenomenon of the trend of family-run business in the private enterprises in China, including the way of crediting capital, property rights institution, human resources institution and management. At the first step of the development of the enterprise, family-running is much better, while the passive consequence comes out during the later period. So the enterprise must get out of the family-running system at this moment. It is easier to change the way of crediting capital and property rights institution compared with the human resources institution and management. There are two most important problems: one is how to establish competitive human resources institution in the enterprise; the other is how to solve the problem of unified authority structure and consummate the management system of the company.