优选论中的音系晦暗性:问题与发展

Phonological opacity in Optimality Theory: problems and approaches

规则法中的音系晦暗性是以制约条件为基础的优选论难以充分解释的问题。为了解决晦暗性问题,优选论提出了一系列方法,其中主要包括有限和谐序列论、层面优选论、对应论、共感论和比较标记理论。本文对这些方法给予评述,指出各自的特点、不足和理论后果。解决晦暗性问题是优选论理论发展的动因之一,本文基于评述,勾画出优选论的主要发展脉络。

Phonological opacity, a logic consequence of rule interaction in the rule-based approach gives a serious theoretic challenge to the constraint-based Optimality Theory. To solve the problem, various attempts have been made, which significantly include Limited Harmonic Serialism, Stratal OT, Sympathy Theory and Comparative Markedness. This article presents a critical survey of these proposals and highlights the currently leading ideas on the issue and some related ones.