播种期和品种对早熟花椰菜植株生长及异常花球的影响

Effect of Seeding Date and Cultivars on Plant Growth and Abnormal Curd in Early Cauliflower

对3个早熟花椰菜品种进行播种期试验,调查花球形成时植株的生长情况、从定植到花球开始形成的时间和从定植到采收的时间、异常花球种类和发生率。结果表明,随着播种期的推迟,花椰菜植株在花球形成时的最大叶长、叶宽和株高呈明显上升的趋势,花球开始形成时的叶片数则随着播种期的延迟而呈现下降的态势。播种期对花椰菜从定植到花球开始形成的时间以及从定植到采收的时间有显著的影响。花椰菜平均花球质量随着播种期的延迟而呈现上升的趋势,并于适宜播种期达到最大,之后再次下降。花椰菜异常花球包括毛花球、夹叶球、小球、未结球等类型,其发生率和发生的种类随播种期和品种的不同而发生规律性变化。

Three early cauliflower cultivars were sowed at five different dates in order to investigate the plant growth and days from transplanting to curd initiation and harvest, especially to investigate the types of abnormal curd and their frequency. It was found that with the seeding date putting off, leaf length and width of the biggest leaf, as well as plant ' height increased remarkably when curd initiated. On the contrary, number of leaves decreased with the seeding date putting off. Seeding date affected significantly on the days from transplanting to curd initiation or curd harvest. Average curd weight increased with the seeding date putting off, and reached the highest level at the optimum seeding date, then decreased. Various types of abnormal curd were observed, including hair-curd, leaf-curd, small-curd and non-curd. Percentage of abnormal curd and abnormal curd types were affected significantly by both seeding date and cultivars.