试论油田维护费的性质与合理提取

On the Nature and Its Collection of the Oil-Field Maintenance Cost

油田开发中后期的产量递减是不以人们意志为转移的客现規律,为延缓和弥补产量递减,油田后续开发工作量大大增加,设置油田维护费是十分必要的。油田维护费是以外延扩大再生产的形式来维持油田的简单再生产,在使用过程中具有明显的风险性、补偿性和效益递减性。因此,它是一项既不用于基建投资又有别于一般生产费用的特殊资金。目前、一方面由于原油价格过低,石油行业资金紧张,各油田油维护费投入水平编低;另一方面又存在着一笔投资重复提取的现象。所以,在调整原油价格的同时,必须理顺油田维护费的提取渠,必须使油田维护费具有合理水平.油田维护费应随油田延缓递减工作量和工作难度的增大而逐年递增.本文中提出的油田维护费合理水平的计算公式可供核实油田维护费投入水平时参考.

It is an objective law independent of man's will that the oil output decreases progressively during the midolle-later period of exploiting.In order to delay and made up for the progressive decrement,the follow up work of oil-field exploiting has to be i-ncreased greatly.so, it is necessary to set up the maintenance cost of oil-fields. The purpose of the maintenance cost of the oil-fields is to maintain simple repr-oduction in the form of extended reproduction. It has char(?)cters of risk, compensation and progressive decrement of benefit in the process of its use. Therefore, it is a special fund differing from either investment of capital construction or general production cost. At present, the fund of oil industry is scanty because of the low price of crude oil, so, the amount of the maintenance cost of the oil-fields is small. On the other hand, there exist the phenomenon of repeated collection for one investment, so, while readjusting the price of the crude oil, we ought to make clear where to collect the fund for oil-field maintenance and how to fix a rational level for the maintenance cost. The amount of the maintenance cost of oil-field must be inctcased progressively year by year along with the increment of the amount and the difficulty of the work. In this paper, a formula is presented for calculating the rational maintenance cost of oil-field, which can be used for verifying the amount of the maintenance cost of the oil-fields.