大学生的精神信仰结构

Spiritual belief structure in university students

目的:探讨大学生精神信仰概念的结构。方法:首先采用语句完成法对2003-03/06天津工程师范学院职教系文理、性别各半的大学生200名进行调查,对“精神信仰是什么”的回答进行编码,然后让他们回答“我的精神信仰是什么”。分析此结果,归纳出200名大学生对精神信仰属性认知及对精神信仰内容认知的频数及百分数。然后采用自由联想法确定精神信仰的词汇,最后请25名大学生和10名心理学博士进行评定,确定精神信仰的结构。结果:225名学生及10名博士均进入结果分析。大学生对信仰属性的认知有6种:①把信仰归属于精神需要和价值准则的为78%,两者分别为39%。②认为信仰是个人目标生活追求的11%。③认为信仰就是对超自然力的信奉为7%。④认为信仰是精神自我安慰的2%。⑤认为信仰是虚幻的2%。大学生精神信仰内容按频数排列:①达到事业成功的为29%。②相信个人价值的24%。③信奉家庭因素至上的8%。④信奉金钱至上的5%。⑤信仰共产主义的7%。⑥对权威、天命、享乐、生命和家族信仰的占少数。结论:大学生认为精神信仰的属性是人的精神需要,表现人的价值原则。大学生的信仰呈多元化的表现形式。

AIM:To investigate the structure of spiritual belief conception in university students. METHODS:Totally 200 students(half majored in arts and half in science;100 male s and 100 females) in the Department of Vocational Education and Management,Tian jin University of Technology and Education were investigated with sentence compl etion at first from March to June 2003,the answers to 'what is spiritual belief ' were coded, and then they were asked to answer 'what is my spiritual belief'. The results were analyzed,the frequencies and percentages of the cognition to th e attribution and content of spiritual belief in the 200 students were summed up ,and then the words for spiritual belief were defined with the method of free as sociation,and finally were assessed by 25 university students and 10 psychologic al doctors in order to confirm the conception structure of spiritual belief. RESULTS:All the 225 students and 10 doctors were involved in the analysis of r esults.There were 6 kinds of the cognition to the attribution of belief in unive rsity students:①78%of the students attributed it to a spiritual need(39%) or value criterion(39%); ②11%consider belief as the objective of individual life ;③7%took it as the super natural beliefs;④2%thought belief was the mental se lf comfort;⑤2%consider belief as phantom. The contents of spiritual belief ar ranged according to the frequency:①success in enterprise (29%);②individual va lue(24%);③family worship(8%);④money worship (5%);⑤communism(7%);⑥only mi nority believed in authority, destiny,enjoy of pleasure, life and family belief. CONCLUSION:University students consider that the attribution of spiritual beli ef is the spiritual need of human, and realizes the value of human.The belief of university students has multiple manifesting forms.