高原军人生理、心理和社会健康状况调查

Physiological,psychological and social healthy status of soldiers in high altitude area

目的:了解高原军人的生理、心理和社会健康状况。方法:采用随机抽样法选择2004-07/08驻西藏某部队官兵490名为调查对象,应用自测健康评定量表进行调查。自测健康评定量表由10个维度,48个条目组成,包括个体健康的生理、心理和社会3个子量表。测试后,将量表原始得分换算成均分,自测健康条目均分理论最小值为0分,最高值是10分,5分代表中间水平。结果:调查后共获回答完整、规范问卷479份,最终纳入分析率为97.8%。①高原军人的3个子量表评分显著低于一般人群(生理健康子量表为原始得分为134.86±16.96,均分为7.93±1.00,一般人群为137.72±17.54;心理健康子量表为原始得分为97.63±22.80,均分为6.51±1.52,一般人群为104.90±21.24;社会健康子量表为原始得分为66.45±15.09,均分为6.77±1.44,一般人群为69.35±15.19)。②自测健康总分显著低于一般人群(自测健康总分原始得分为298.93±44.02,均分为7.13±1.06,一般人群为311.97±39.49)。③除角色活动维度外(15.19±3.23,14.48±3.16),高原军人各维度、子量表分以及总分均低于一般人群。④在生理和社会健康子量表的比较方面结果差异不显著。⑤在心理健康子量表的得分上,不同职别、婚姻状况、进藏次数的高原军人有显著差别(干部、士官:6.10±1.58,义务兵:6.66?

AIM:To investigate the status of physiological,psychological and social health of soldiers in high altitude area. METHODS:Totally 490 soldiers,who were stationing in a armed force in Tibet,wer e selected with the method of random sampling as the subjects between July and A ugust 2004.All the subjects were assessed with the self rating health measureme nt scale,which consisted of 10 dimensions and 48 items,including 3 subscales of physiology,psychology and society of individual health.After assessment,the init ial scores were turned into mean scores,the minimal item score of the scale was 0 point,the maximal score was 10 points theoretically,and 5 points represented t he medium level. RESULTS:A total of 479 complete and qualified questions were collected,and the rate of inclusion for final analysis was 97.8%.①The scores(initial score and mean score) of the 3 subscales(physiological healthy scale,psychological healthy scale,social healthy scale) were significantly lower in the soldiers in high al titude area than in normal crowd(134.86±16.96,7.93±1.00,137.72±17.54;97.63±2 2.80,6.51±1.52,104.90 ±21.24;66.45±15.09,6.77±1.44,69.35±15.19).②The total score(initial score and mean score) of the self rating health measurement scal e was significantly lower in the soldiers in high altitude area than in normal c rowd(298.93±44.02,7.13±1.06,311.97±39.49).③Except the dimension of role acti vity(15.19±3.23,14.48±3.16),the scores of each dimension and subscales and the total score were all lower in the soldiers in high altitude area than in normal crowd.④There were no significant differences in the scores of physiological an d social health subscales.⑤The scores of psychological health subscale,were sig nificantly different among soldiers in high altitude with different rank,state o f marriage,and times of entering Tibet (cadres and officers:6.10±1.58;voluntary soldiers:6.66±1.49;unmarried:6.55±1.53;married:6.04±1.31;for the first time: 6.60±1.55;for several times:6.17±1.35,P< 0.05). CONCLUSION:The special environment in high altitude has influence on the soldi ers,and leads to that the status of physiological,psychological and social healt h of soldiers in high altitude area are generally lower than the normal crowd.Th e soldiers in high altitude area play a single social role,and they have similar age,living and working environments,so the differences in physiological status, social role,social sources and contact,and social support are not great among th em.The main factors that affect their mental health status are rank,state of mar riage and times of entering Tibet.